Systems | Development | Analytics | API | Testing

For teams using CI/CD, the specs of the build machine can have a significant impact on development productivity. Faster builds mean shorter fix-and-verify cycles, which speed up the overall development process. However, it’s hard to know how fast each CI/CD service actually is without comparing them under the same conditions. In this article, I compare the iOS build speeds of GitHub Actions, Bitrise, and Codemagic using the same Flutter project, and compare them in terms of cost-performance as well.

Most teams already know a lot about production. They have dashboards. They have traces. They have alerts. They have enough telemetry to explain what happened after an incident and enough graphs to argue about it for the rest of the week. Then they go to test a change and start from scratch. The integration tests hit a hand-written mock that returns {"status": "ok"}. The load tests replay a CSV somebody exported months ago. Staging is close enough to production right up until it matters.

API traffic replay testing is a method of capturing real application traffic across protocols — HTTP, gRPC, database queries, message queues, and more — from a production environment and replaying it against a staging, QA, or development environment to validate software behavior under realistic conditions. In modern systems, HTTP is critical, but it is only one part of the picture.

If you run a software engineering tools team, you have almost certainly had this conversation: a developer asks for production data access to debug a real incident, and someone in the room says no. Not because the request is unreasonable (it isn’t), but because nobody wants to be the person who said yes when something goes wrong. That instinct is understandable. Production environments carry real risk. But the reflex to lock everything down has a cost that rarely gets accounted for.

Testing a FastAPI app that calls OpenAI, Anthropic, or Gemini gets expensive fast. The problem is not just the API bill in production. It is all the repeated traffic in development: prompt tweaks, CI runs, regression checks, and the load tests you keep putting off because every run burns tokens. Hand-written mocks do not help much once the app is doing multi-step LLM work.

Most teams know they are spending money on AI in production. Far fewer realize how much they are spending outside production. It’s easy to get lost as you evaluate which model has the best responses, is fast enough, and cheap enough to run in production. That is because the AI bill usually shows up as a giant blob. It is easy to see the total.